Folk tale Genre :: essays papers

Society story Genre The best fortune of each country is its language. Fantasies are a piece of the oral customs of writing everywhere throughout the world. The fantasy is one of the types of the individuals' semantic expressions where life and social framework are reflected. Legends, folklore, tales, tall stories, and other great stories have been passed on, age through age. Incalculable fortunes of human idea experience despite everything collect and live on the planet much following thousand of years. Fantasies showed up on the planet quite a while prior. Each culture has it is own assortment of these accounts. Despite the fact that, fantasies contrast on account of spots, societies, and periods their exceptional effect on educating and engaging of individuals has not been changed. Each class of individuals, in all pieces of the world, has gone down this incredible convention for ages, giving it notoriety. A few researchers have examined reasons of why fantasies despite everything exist and keep on being told all over. They express that accounts may vary in subject here and there, the conditions and motivations behind story telling may change as we move from land to land, from century to century, but then wherever it priests to a similar fundamental social and individual needs (15-18). Fantasy permits the peruser and the wrier to go into another conjured up universe. There are numerous things to gain from the fantasy. Stories in their least complex structure have numerous explanations behind being told. The clinician, Bruno Bettelhiem, examined what is being gained from society stories. He states: Folk stories tell about the desolations of kin competition, of wishes working out, of the humble being raised, of genuine legitimacy being perceived even covered up under clothes of goodness compensated and detestable rebuffed (45-46). In each recounting a fantasy, a crowd of people is anxious to tune in and retell the story to another crowd. The social qualities can be reclaimed to the history, and around to all pieces of the world. The stories take the beat of presence and of man's personnel of dreaming and communing. As indicated by M.K. Thompson: Curiosity about the past has consistently carried enthusiastic audience members to stories of some time in the past which flexibly the straightforward man with all he is aware of the historical backdrop of this story (484-485).

Beating Murphys Law Essays - Educational Psychology,

Beating Murphy's Law This article manages the subject of how associations ought to approach actualizing new innovation frameworks. The article is worked around Murphy's Law that, Whatever can turn out badly, will. At the point when associations execute new framework a great deal of realize issues can't be evaded and unanticipated issues emerge with even grater recurrence. Bite plots seven focuses to help dispatch another framework with more noteworthy accomplishment since they are basic for long haul endurance. Key Notes: ? It is evaluated 50 to 70 percent of US firms experience disappointment in actualizing propelled fabricating innovation. ? New advances frequently cause drops in profitability following presentation of new hardware that can surpass the cost of the innovation. This despite everything happens with steady acquisition of new modest gear. ? Execution will in general drop without further ado before establishment, as firms prepare for new frameworks. Execution drops can last longer than a year after the presentation of new gear. ? The best cost originate from confuses between the new innovation 's abilities and needs, and existing procedure and association. ? Absence of the diverse required information about new advancements causes the disappointments and issues that emerge. Answers for issues as a rule lead to extra issues because of an absence of information. ? Rule #1 is Think of Implementation as R&D. Procurement ought to rather be viewed as a progressing procedure of information assembling and discovering that advances after some time. The presentation of innovation should be viewed as less a speculation issue or specialized issue and progressively an issue of research structure. Specialized and authoritative concerns ought to be tended to. The client and innovation administrators should cooperate in research of new advancements. ? Rule #2 is Ask What made it hard? Not How very much accomplished it work? Firms should look to outside understanding to not just assistance them choose what new advancements to put resources into yet in addition how to keep away from the issues that emerged from the innovation. Request ought to be a functioning even forceful focused on look for data. ? Rule #3 Learn from various perspectives at Once. Firms can learn through four techniques: vicarious, gaining from others experience, recreation, utilizing models and tests, prototyping, assembling and working for a littler scope, and on-line, looking at the full scale activity while it is running. The more the learning experience compares precisely to the genuine circumstance in the processing plant the higher its loyalty. Utilize a blend technique for learning. Learn however much as could reasonably be expected with minimal effort low devotion techniques yet realize taking in should originate from every one of the four methods. The perfect way utilizes equal and synchronous utilization everything being equal. ? Rule #4 Simulate and Prototype Everything Effective recreation and prototyping are basic. A recreation of another innovation is a model of how it functions. Singular bits of the innovation are clear, yet their communications with one another and with the remainder of the firm are most certainly not. The reenactment at that point shows the general impact of the absolute framework. ? Rule #5 Everything incorporates the Organization Simulating the hierarchical change that goes with the mechanical advancement can be as basic, and as troublesome, as characterizing and evaluating new connections. Hierarchical prototyping, similar to specialized prototyping, is the execution of a plan taking things down a notch for the express motivation behind assessing that structure from an authoritative perspective. The best utilization of models is leading examinations with alterative hierarchical structure decisions. ? Rule #6 Follow Lewis and Clark Planning ought not be a lot of checkpoints for fixing the framework. Arranging must give a managing structure to finding and taking care of issues. It should concentrate on what to search for. ? Rule #7 Produce Two Outputs: Salable Products and Knowledge The new procedure produces marketable items as well as information. Creation time, the executives time, work and materials ought to be planned to deliver both. On-line learning gives the chance to increase usable information. It requires viewing the activity of new innovation, seeing issues, and afterward creating countermeasures or answers for them. ? To beat Murphy's Law it is important to get ready for and oversee coordinated learning. ? Firms need to concentrate on increasing both the ability and know-why information while actualizing new innovations. Learning should proceed past startup of new innovations. Business Essays

How to Begin an Essay About Yourself

How to Begin an Essay About YourselfSo you want to know how to begin an essay about yourself? I'm sorry to say it will take more than a piece of paper and pencil to answer that question. Essays are written for the purpose of sharing the personal side of a person. And there is no better way to share the personal side of your life than through writing.Most essay examples are taught by college and university faculty, and the majority of them are written for a writing requirement for a degree writers workshop. You can't expect to make this essay part of your degree requirement in college if you don't come prepared for it. This article will help you understand how to begin an essay about yourself. This will help you out when you are asked to write about you in class and helps you get ready to write the essay that you will need to write.Beginning an essay is not a cake walk. It takes practice and research to get the basics down. A good start starts with knowing your audience and how you ca n define yourself as a writer. When you know who your audience is and what your piece will be about, you will be ready to create a piece that will meet their needs.Beginning an essay about yourself is not as simple as walking into a classroom and explaining yourself. Instead, it is an activity that you do before you sit down to write your final essay. You need to be prepared.You must know the basic information about yourself. This information includes your name, contact information, job title, phone number, e-mail address, and so on. Make sure you have all of this information available before you begin the essay. It will save you time in the long run.Beginning an essay about yourself requires you to write about your life. Take time to consider what your major passions and interests are, and write about them. Share the experience you had along the way to find what that experience means to you today. You might describe your journey from being very disinterested in what was going on ar ound you to wanting to experience it all.Beginning an essay about yourself does not mean you have to write about yourself. But it does mean you need to consider writing about yourself. And when you feel ready to write, look at your piece and figure out where you can begin your essay on a few of your main areas of interest. Look over your essay and identify your areas of interests.Beginning an essay about yourself is a very personal experience. It may seem like a grueling task at first, but you will get the hang of it. And as you go along you will find yourself starting to share a bit more of your personal life.

Sloan MGH PATA - 6297 Words

11-116 January 3, 2012 Massachusetts General Hospitals Pre-Admission Testing Area (PATA) Kelsey McCarty, Jà ©rà ©mie Gallien, Retsef Levi Five anxious faces looked up at Dr. Jeanine Wiener-Kronish, chief of anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), as she entered the conference room. It was June 2009, and the group before her was the task force for the Pre-Admission Testing Area (PATA). PATA had been struggling with inefficiencies and long patient wait times for over two years. Despite the group’s best efforts to fix these problems, a letter forwarded from the president’s office that morning highlighted that conditions in PATA were not getting better. Dr. Wiener-Kronish took a seat and read the letter aloud: Last week I brought my†¦show more content†¦Located in Boston, Massachusetts, MGH was founded in 1811, making it the third oldest hospital in the United States. With 907 patient beds across a 4.6 million square-foot campus and almost 23,000 employees, it was one of the largest hospitals in the country and Boston’s largest private employer. U.S. News World Report consistently ranked MGH as one of the top five hospitals in the nation, and patients traveled from all over the country to receive treatment there. It was also home to the Ether Dome, an amphitheater that served as MGH’s first operating room (OR) and became the birthplace of anesthesia when ether was first publicly administered there as a surgical anesthetic in 1846.2 The DACCPM received its official charter in 1938 and since then has maintained its position as a leader in innovative anesthesiology research. The DACCPM was one of the largest clinical departments in the hospital with 278 physicians and 198 nurses, researchers and administrative personnel. This large work force was needed to support all stages of the perioperative3 patient flow: pre-operative assessment, intra-operative monitoring and care, and post-operative recovery. Due to the nature of the specialty, the DACCPM was also charged with administrative oversight in the ORs, the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), the Pain Medicine Center, and the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU). The department’s achievements across many areas of MGH, however, were

John F. Kennedy Not Only A Great President But A Naval

John F. Kennedy not only a great president but a naval hero to our country. He stopped The Cuban Missile Crisis in which was almost a nuclear world war and he is recognized as one of the best presidents ever. John F. Kennedy is one of the greatest presidents ever and he had many great achievements. John F. Kennedy was president from January 20, 1961 through November 22,1963 when he was assassinated in Texas. John F. Kennedy was born on May 29th, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was the 35th president of the United States. He had 8 siblings and their names were Joseph Junior, Rosemary, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia, Robert, Jean, and Ted. His parent names were Joseph Sr. and Rose. Growing up was hard for Kennedy because his dad had very†¦show more content†¦JFK has had many achievements in his life and he was much more than a good president. In my opinion JFK was a naval hero and one of Americas greatest presidents. The Cuban Missile Crisis was October 16th through the 28th in the year of 1962, and it was one of the scariest situations that could have ended in a nuclear war. Earlier that month John F. Kennedy send a plane to spy on them and see if they were doing anything they were not supposed to and he saw that Cuba had nuclear missiles set out and they could fire them at any given moment if they wanted to. John F. Kennedy saw this and the next day he immediately went to talk to the leader of the Soviet Union. The leader of the Soviet Union was named Nikita Khrushchev and it was very hard for John F. Kennedy to make a deal with him so that he would put his nuclear missiles away. The deal was that if John F. Kennedy would remove his nuclear missiles from Turkey and Italy then The Soviet Union would have to remove their nuclear missiles from Cuba. John F. Kennedy also had to make an agreement that he would never invade Cuba again without direct provocation. This agreement also set aShow MoreRel atedU.s. Attorney General And President John F. Kennedy1501 Words   |  7 PagesU.S. Attorney General and President John F. Kennedy confidant Robert F. Kennedy wrote â€Å"Thirteen Days† as an account of the Cuban Missile Crisis, a 13 day power struggle from October 15 to October 28 1962 between the US and the Soviet Union over ballistic missile deployment in Cuba by the Soviets. The peaceful removal of those missiles was both a challenge and a goal for the Kennedy administration. The Cuban Missile Crisis was arguably one of the most dangerous Cold War affairs whose escalation wouldRead MoreWas The Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy a Conspiracy?794 Words   |  4 Pages Was The Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy a Conspiracy? On November 22nd, 1963 at 12:30 p.m in Dallas, Texas, one of the most horrific events in American History took place. The assassination of John F. Kennedy. Crowds were cheering as JFK was on a ten mile route that would pass through Dallas, Texas. John Kennedy was in the back seat of a 1961 four door Lincoln Continental convertible when this tragic event occurred. The driver took a left off of Main street passing by the Texas SchoolRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy : A President With A Different Sense Of Confidence1178 Words   |  5 PagesJohn F. Kennedy: A President with A Different Sense Of Confidence One of President John Kennedy’s famous quotes was, â€Å"A man may die, nations may rise and fall, but an idea lives on† (Brainy Quotes), and as the 35th president of the United States, his ideas for the country are still living on. Not only Kennedy was extremely liked by people, he was also rated above the majority of presidents America had, with the exception of Abraham Lincoln and George Washington. Basically, what reallyRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis : A Detrimental Event1300 Words   |  6 Pages John F. Kennedy said at the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963 that, â€Å"It is insane that two men, sitting on opposite sides of the world, should be able to decide to bring an end to civilization.† (Kennedy, 1963). The Cuban missile crisis was a detrimental event in the course of history. On October 22nd, 1962, John F. Kennedy gave his Cuban missile crisis oval office address. Kennedy gave this speech to inform Americans about the nuclear missile sit es that the Soviet Union established in theRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy : A President With A Different Sense Of Confidence1178 Words   |  5 PagesJohn F. Kennedy: A President with A Different Sense Of Confidence One of President John Kennedy’s famous quotes was, â€Å"A man may die, nations may rise and fall, but an idea lives on† (Brainy Quotes), and as the 35th president of the United States, his ideas for the country are still living on. Not only Kennedy was extremely liked by people, he was also rated above the majority of presidents America had, with the exception of Abraham Lincoln and George Washington. Basically, what reallyRead MoreJfk And James Garfield Assassinations Essay911 Words   |  4 Pagesof assassinations on seating presidents of the United States. There have been about 20 attempts to kill not only sitting presidents but also sitting presidents, and also president-elects. Among the presidents, gunshot has killed them Abraham Lincoln, James Garfield, William McKinley and John F. Kennedy. Theodore Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan are United States Presidents that were injured during assassination attempts. All the other presidents of America from John Kennedy ha ve gone through attempts ofRead MorePresidential Doctrines Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: PRESIDENTIAL DOCTRINES Presidential Doctrines: President Kennedy and the Communist Expansion Abstract The Kennedy Doctrine was essentially an expansion of the foreign policy of the previous administrations of Dwight D. Eisenhower and Harry S. Truman, The Eisenhower doctrine focused providing both military and economic assistance to nations resisting communism and increasing trade from the U.S. to Latin America and the Truman doctrine focused on containment of communism by providingRead MoreThe Revolution Of The Cuban Revolution1559 Words   |  7 Pagesindependence only as recently as 1898, and was already filled with an atmosphere of distrust and resentment towards the United States. In July of 1953, a revolution began in Cuba between the United States backed President Batista and Fidel Castro. Fidel and his brother Raul Castro lead a series of guerilla warfare battles against the forces of President Batista. â€Å"I am Fidel Castro and we have come to liberate Cuba,† stated Fidel Castro. In January of 1959, Fidel Castro became the President of Cuba. WithRead MoreCuban Missl e Crisis and the Realist Perspective Essay1172 Words   |  5 Pagesever been to nuclear war. This makes the crisis one of the most essential events in international affairs history, demonstrating a great example of the realist perspectives and other important aspects of international relations. Primarily, the origins of the Cuban Missile Crisis can be readily attributed to the realist perspective. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy launched the Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba, which was a thwarted attempt by a CIA-trained force of Cuban exiles to invade southernRead MoreEssay on John Fitzgerald Kennedy1719 Words   |  7 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;On the sunny morning of November 22, 1963 the United States lost a great leader, man, and the 35th president, John F. Kennedy. No one really knows the reasons behind the assassination or who actually killed JFK. JFK was one of the most liked presidents by the people because of his age and his looks. If, on that friday morning, no one had pulled a trigger we may have had a change in our current history. The United States may have never become as involved in the Vietnam

Ben Cohen’s “Ben and Jerry’s” Free Essays

Due to the societal shift in the twentieth century toward material gain and capitalism, there has been an overwhelming emphasis put on monetary accrual and the pursuit of wealth. To generalize, people are no longer satisfied with familial happiness and achieving status through such things as cars and clothes has become the norm. Due to this, the job market has become increasingly more competitive, which in turn has given tremendous power to business. We will write a custom essay sample on Ben Cohen’s â€Å"Ben and Jerry’s† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Corporations have all but taken over control of the distribution of assets. Ben Cohen, co-founder of Ben and Jerry’s writes, â€Å"Corporations have been granted the right to become the major depositories and bestowers of wealth in our society.† Businesses, whether they want to or not, have a tremendous impact on the economic and social status in the world. The underlying problem with this relatively recent shift is that too often is the case that larger corporations neglect to acknowledge the potential danger they pose to the environment and the society as a whole. Therefore, it is the duty of each and every enterprise to take into account the tremendous power it possesses and act in such a way that is not detrimental to society. Unfortunately, as history teaches us, too many businesses take the â€Å"its not my problem† attitude and the result is often times irreversible. Since 1978, Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield have accepted the fact that indeed companies have the capacity to have a tremendous influence on the economy and ecology, and done everything possible to make theirs a positive one. To run a successful business, several factors must be kept in mind at all times. The business must function efficiently and at the same time produce a quality product. The consumer’s interests also must be taken into account, and too often overlooked is the necessity to maintain a satisfied work force, making them feel important and needed. The Ben and Jerry’s corporation, but a small two man operation running out of a gas station twenty years ago, has always rendered these qualities vital, no matter what their circumstance was. The two men met in 1963 as seventh graders in a small Long Island gym class. Ben, a native of Brooklyn, New York, attended Colgate University for only a year before dropping out to return to his high school job as a neighborhood ice cream man. He had a brief stint at Skidmore College as well as NYU, and moved to upstate New York before going into business with his partner and long time friend Jerry Greenfield. Jerry was also born in Brooklyn and after high school attended and graduated from Oberlin College. After being rejected form medical school twice and moving to North Carolina, he and Ben decided to make their dream a reality. They decided to move to Vermont, and with a $12,000 investment opened a small homemade ice cream shop in downtown Burlington. When the business began Ben and Jerry sat down and had rather basic goals. Their credo was â€Å"If it’s not fun, why do it?† They wanted to enjoy themselves while earning a living, and at the same time give something back to the community. As business began to take off, they needed to set down guidelines in order to achieve all three goals. Ben and Jerry execute what is referred to as a values-led business. â€Å"Values-led business is based on the idea that business has a responsibility to the people and the society that make its existence possible. More all-encompassing and therefore more effective than philanthropy alone, values-led business seeks to maximize its impact by integrating socially beneficial actions into as many of its day-to-day activities as possible*By incorporating concern for the community – local, national, and global * into its strategic and operating plans, the values-led business can make everyday business decisions that actualize the company’s social and financial goals at the same time.†(Ben and Jerry’s Double-Dip, p.30) Their mission statement, due to the type of company they desired was broken down into three separate parts (p.46): Product Mission: to make, distribute and sell the finest quality product Social Mission: to operate the company in a way that actively recognizes the central role that business plays in society by initiating innovative ways to improve the quality of life of the local, national, and international community Economic Mission: to operate the company on a sound fiscal basis of profitable growth This method of business and sense of mission allows Ben and Jerry’s to do several things. The business naturally holds profit and success as a priority, but at the same time acknowledges and does its best to help the community and its surroundings. Ben and Jerry’s current CEO, Perry Odak, says that he originally â€Å"sought out the company because of its excitement about combining social endeavors with a growing, profitable business.†(p.188) The management in Ben and Jerry’s is very people oriented. If run properly, values-led businesses often yield an incredibly motivated workforce. â€Å"If people understand that the work they do produces more than just profits, and they’re in alignment with the values of the company, there’s no end to what they can contribute.†(p.165) The management at Ben and Jerry’s has always strived to keep the employees happy and emote a real sense to the staff that indeed they are important. â€Å"Values-led management aspires to respect employees and seeks to meet their needs as well as the needs of the company.†(p.167) Instead of having top level management be distant and authoritative, the management at Ben and Jerry’s is very involved with the employees. Their employees are often surveyed, every eighteen months in fact, on how they feel the company is doing, their thoughts on improving products and management, and how happy they are. Because of this, the workforce at Ben and Jerry’s remains quite content, and never feels too distant from top level executives. Management in 1985 implemented what they call a five-to-one salary ratio, which limits the top executive salaries to five times the lowest salary. This idea ensured that as the company prospered, so too did everybody working for the company. Management at Ben and Jerry’s has established a list of what they call â€Å"Our Aspirations,† in order to constantly remind themselves not only their goals but what they are in business for. They are fourteen mini-objectives that clearly exhibit to the management what needs to get done and the way in which to do. Briefly, each one(compiled from pp.173-175): To Be Real * actions speak louder than words; be the company that they claim to be To Be the Best * plain and simply, want to be the best ice cream company in the world; if the customers are satisfied with the product, the company will prosper and they’ll outperform the competition To Improve Continuously * each time a goal is accomplished, a back check should be done to look for ways of improving upon methods for next time To Learn Continuously * employees constantly should receive training in all areas so their contribution to the company increases To Be Inclusive * people of all backgrounds work for Ben and Jerry’s and each one’s individuality is embraced and creates a tight knit group To Be Creative * creativity excites customers and naturally helps business To Build Community * no employee of Ben and Jerry’s feels alone and everyone on the staff would extend a hand to another employee To Be Open and Trusting * if everyone trusts one another, people feel a lot safer about sharing their opinions and ideas, therefore strengthening the company To Celebrate and to Give Meaningful Recognition * when goals are acomplished, they should be acknowledged; recognition of achievements will only lead to more achievements To Use Consultive Decision Making and Active Listening * people of certain expertise are often employed to help make decisions; leaders of the company also must be take into account employee opinions To Hold Ourselves Accountable * if everyone does their job and takes care of their responsibility, the company will run smoothly To Be Great Communicators * leaders of the company always need to make sure that their staff is well informed of whatever needs to be done To Be Upfront * people need to be directly told what to do and avoiding roundabout communication is vital To Be Profitable by Being Thrifty * when the company invests, they need to be careful about how mow and where they invest. Saving the company money is beneficial to stockholders and employees Rather than hiring outside help for new job openings, Ben and Jerry’s hires from within the company, promoting people up through the ranks and delegating more responsibility. In the beginning, when new employees were being hired, management demonstrated the company’s goals and methods to the new members, and let them know what their particular responsibilities were to be. In this way people had a clear understanding of the company’s direction and what they needed to do in order to be promoted. Unlike many big companies, Ben and Jerry’s recognized that the most important asset to their company was its employees, and that is one of the biggest reason that they became so successful (see graph at end). Because of this, Ben and Jerry’s offers a wide array of benefits to its employees, realizing the high costs of living in this day and age. Because Ben Cohen and Jery Greenfield believed in themselves and their ideas, their company as become quite successful, accumulating numerous accolades. At the same time, they have not neglected their social duty and have contributed greatly to the society. In 1985, they established the Ben and Jerry’s Foundation which is allotted 7.5% of the company’s annual pre-tax profits for supporting various community oriented projects. Because of this foundation, they were awarded the Corporate Giving Award form the Council on Economic Priorities in 1988. In ’91 held voter registration in their stores and got 1500 more Vermont residents to register. When the Newport Folk festival was in danger due to a lack of a sponsor, Ben and Jerry’s took up the reins. They helped to establish a movement to redirect 1% of the U.S. defense budget to fund peace-promoting projects. They received Columbia University’s Lawrence A. Wien Prize for corporate Social responsibility. They supported family farmers by printing an 800 number to call on their pint cups. Frankly, the list goes on and on. By sticking to their preset guidelines and objectives, Ben and Jerry’s was and still is able to maintain a lucrative business that is great to its employees and beneficial to society. How to cite Ben Cohen’s â€Å"Ben and Jerry’s†, Essay examples

The Historical Powers of the American Presidency

Introduction Constitution refers to a set of laws on which a state or a nation is governed. It outlines the provisions for the powers of the arms of the government as well as the responsibilities of the government to the governed population. This paper seeks to discuss the constitution of the United States of American with respect to the powers of the arms of the government. The paper will look into the historical powers of the American presidency in comparison with the provision for separation of powers among the arms of the government.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Historical Powers of the American Presidency specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Controversy over Powers of the President The presidential powers in the United States of American have been surrounded with a lot of arguments with respect to whether or not such powers are consistent with the initial meaning as was provided for in the first amendment . The lack of agreement as to the consistency has led to a wide perception that the powers are being exercised with respect to convenience of solving emerging problems rather that according to the constitution. The executive branch of the government whose powers are vested in the president has in most cases been realized to overstep its mandate assuming the roles that were meant to be undertaken by the other arms, that is, the judiciary and the legislative arms. The powers of the president as was initially provided for were viewed to be limited with the only prerogative of approving legislations after such have been deliberated upon and passed by at least two-thirds of representatives from each of the house of the representatives. Powers of appointment of diplomatic representatives were also vested on the president subject to approval by the congress. The presidency was only offered full powers being the commander in chief of the armed forces together with the role of receiving dipl omats from other countries. Even representations in international agreements such as treaties were subject to approval by the congress. Such provisions are however, not what Americans witness today with respect to the powers that are exercised by the president. Contrary to the provisions, the presidency has fully assumed the roles that were primarily vested in the congress or were supposed to be shared between the executive and the congress. Prerogatives such as â€Å"foreign affairs powers, war powers, fiscal powers, legislative powers and administrative powers† (Kurland, 2006, p. 4) are currently identified as active roles of the executive contrary to the constitutional provisions. Powers Currently exercised by the President The increased authority that has been adapted by the presidency has been due to the direct of implied provisions that have been made by both the congress and the judiciary under the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has, for instance, pronounced that the president, under precedence from the system in the Great Britain has the prerogative to appoint foreign diplomats. This has been contrary to the initial constitutional provisions. Foreign relations with respect to international agreements have also realized a deviation of powers from the original provisions. Treaties were originally supposed to be negotiated by the executive but approved by the congress on the basis of the two-thirds majority rule. In this setup, the congress had a basis to offer checks on the decisions of the executive. This has also been significantly altered by the Supreme Court through its decision that distinguished executive agreements from treaties.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Though failing to offer a distinction in meaning between the two, the court has provided that the president has the power to make executive agreements without the need for congress approval. The lack of difference has thus allowed the office of the president to enter into international relations without the approval of the congress on the ground that they fall under executive agreements and not treaties (Kurland, 2006, p. 6). The office of the president has equivalently assumed powers over declaration of war by the United States of America. Timely evolution of systems since the first amendment has witnessed the adopted capacity of the president to declare war on another nation without an approval by the congress. The congress is itself identified to have also played a role in delegating its duties to the president by assuming silence whenever such powers have been exercised and even amending the constitution to allow the president have such prerogatives. The congress, for example, passed a resolution in the year 1973 to allow the president to make war declarations against foreign powers and inform the congress of the decision within two days. Powers over fisca l policies which were basically restricted to the congress have been to the contrary associated with the president following significant involvement of the executive in influencing such policies. This has again been made possible by the congress that now appears dormant as compared to the executive over fiscal policy matters. The legislative process has also been compromised and transformed from the congress dominant process to one that is highly influenced by the executive through coercion (Kurland, 2006). Conclusion Constitutional provisions of the first amendment laid out roles of different arms of government to ensure that each arm of the government was checked by others. The current excessive powers of the president, however, exceed the provisions causing a threat to the checks and balances which can be said to have failed. References Kurland, P. (2006). From encyclopedia of the American constitution. New York, NY: Macmillan. This essay on The Historical Powers of the American Presidency was written and submitted by user Kamren Reyes to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.